Q: Why is everything in our world divided into seven, ten or twelve?
A: Creation – a desire for pleasure – divided itself to the nine attributes that it received from Him: the upper nine Sefirot, and Malchut, the tenth Sefira. Thus, everything in reality is initially divided by ten. Then there are other divisions: a Partzuf divides to the three Sefirot of the Rosh (head), and the seven Sefirot of the Guf (body).
Then there is a division to twelve, which stems from the number of Partzufim (faces) in the world of Atzilut. In the wisdom of Kabbalah you will find the explanations of every division and the interrelations between them.